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Can Dogs Overdose on CBD? What Every Pet Owner Should Know

The doctor is checking a sick dog for overdosing.

Table of Contents

Paw-rents only want the best for their furry companions. It’s natural to explore options like CBD for its potential to improve their quality of life. But with this natural remedy comes a crucial question: Can dogs overdose on CBD?

The answer is yes, dogs do experience CBD overdose. While not typically fatal, excessive CBD leads to unpleasant side effects and health risks. As a responsible pet owner, it’s vital to understand CBD, its proper dosage, and potential risks to ensure a dog’s safety. 

It’s important to note that CBD has a higher safety margin compared to THC and is less likely to cause poisoning due to its non-psychoactive nature. In cases of CBD overdose, common clinical signs include vomiting and diarrhea. 

However, it’s crucial to be aware that some CBD products are not well regulated and possibly tainted with higher levels of THC than permitted for hemp-based products. Ingesting large amounts of THC-contaminated CBD leads to symptoms of THC poisoning in pets.

Dogs tolerated the 1:20 THC:CBD formulation well at low and medium doses, but high doses may cause neurological signs,” according to the 2020 study by Chicoine, A., et al., titled “Pharmacokinetic and Safety Evaluation of Various Oral Doses of a Novel 1:20 THC:CBD Cannabis Herbal Extract in Dogs.”

This article aims to provide knowledge that pet parents need to make informed decisions on pet CBD.

What Is CBD and What Effect Does It Have on Dogs

CBD, short for cannabidiol, is a natural compound extracted from hemp. Unlike its counterpart THC, CBD doesn’t have any psychoactive effects. Instead, it works by interacting with the dog’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), a complex network of receptors that helps regulate various bodily functions like mood, sleep, and even pain perception.

CBD, or cannabidiol, is a compound derived from hemp, a close relative of the cannabis plant. Don’t worry, it won’t get a pup “high” – that’s THC’s job. CBD is non-psychoactive and generally safe for dogs.

The Endocannabinoid System: Your Dog’s Inner Balance

So, how does CBD work its magic? It interacts with the dog’s endocannabinoid system (ECS). Think of the ECS as a vast network of receptors spread throughout the body, influencing everything from mood and sleep to appetite and immune response. CBD gently nudges this system, helping to maintain balance and promote overall well-being.

Recognizing the Signs: When is it Too Much CBD?

Even with the best intentions, it’s possible to give a dog too much CBD. It’s like offering them an extra-large scoop of their favorite treat – sometimes, a little too much of a good thing leads to tummy troubles. Similarly, excessive CBD causes some unpleasant side effects in dogs.

Long-term CBD supplementation at 5 mg/kg is better tolerated than 10 mg/kg, with both dosages increasing alkaline phosphatase activity, but monitoring liver function is recommended,” according to the 2023 study by Alvarenga, I., Wilson, K., & McGrath, S., titled  “Tolerability of long-term cannabidiol supplementation to healthy adult dogs.”

Watch for These Warning Signs

Image of a black and white dog sitting against a yellow background with the title 'Watch Out for These Signs.' Symptoms to monitor include: Lethargy or Excessive Drowsiness, Loss of Coordination, Hypersalivation, Vomiting or Diarrhea, Changes in Appetite, Excessive Thirst, Increased Sensitivity, Confusion or Disorientation, Excessive Panting, Difficulty Breathing, Changes in Heart Rate, and Tremors or Seizures.

Keep a watchful eye on a dog after administering CBD. If any of the symptoms listed below are observed, it is a possible sign that the dog has had too much CBD. 

Lethargy or Excessive Drowsiness: Pets become excessively tired or exhibit prolonged drowsiness. They appear sluggish or have trouble staying awake.

Loss of Coordination (Ataxia): Pets appear wobbly, uncoordinated, or unable to walk properly. Difficulty maintaining balance is common.

Hypersalivation: Excessive drooling or salivation.

Vomiting or Diarrhea: Some pets experience gastrointestinal upset, including vomiting or diarrhea.

Changes in Appetite: A sudden decrease or increase in appetite signals an issue.

Excessive Thirst (Polydipsia): Drinking more water than usual.

Increased Sensitivity: Some dogs become overly sensitive to touch or other stimuli when they’ve had too much CBD.

Confusion or Disorientation: Pets seem confused, disoriented, or appear to have difficulty responding to commands.

Excessive Panting: Pets pant more than usual, even when not overheated.

Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): CBD sometimes lowers blood pressure leading to dizziness or weakness.

Difficulty Breathing (Respiratory Depression): In rare cases, high doses of CBD  affect the dog’s breathing. Seek immediate veterinary attention.

Changes in Heart Rate: Some pets experience an irregular or unusually fast or slow heartbeat causing discomfort or anxiety. This warrants a call to the pet’s veterinarian. 

Tremors or Seizures: Although rare, tremors or seizures occur in some dogs with CBD overdose.

If any of these signs are observed, reach out to the pet’s attending veterinarian. They provide guidance and ensure a dog’s well-being. Remember, it’s always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to a beloved pet’s health.

CBD’s side effects in dogs can be classified as mild or unremarkable, but further studies are needed to define its efficacy and safety for long-term treatment,” according to the 2023 study by Salvo, A., Conti, M., & Rocca, G., titled “Pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of cannabidiol in dogs: an update of current knowledge.”

Nailing the Dosage: A Careful Approach

Table titled 'CBD Dosage Chart for Dogs' displaying weight categories and corresponding minimum, average, strong, and maximum doses of CBD in milligrams (mg). The weight categories range from under 10 lbs to over 75 lbs. A black dog and a bottle of CBD oil labeled 'Paws and Claws' are shown at the bottom right corner.

Determining the correct CBD dosage for a dog is essential.

Consult the Vet: Veterinarians guide owners in choosing the right CBD product, determine the appropriate dosage, and monitor a pet’s progress. However, not all veterinarians welcome the idea of using CBD on pets as research is still ongoing. In this case, consult holistic veterinarians for proper clinical assessment of the pet’s needs. Open discussions with them provide answers to questions, address any concerns, and ensure the pet’s CBD journey is a safe and successful one.

Start Low and Go Slow: It’s always recommended to begin with a low dose and gradually increase it, monitoring a dog’s response carefully. This helps owners find the “sweet spot” where their dog experiences the benefits without any adverse effects.

Choose High-Quality Products: Only use CBD products specifically designed for pets from reputable brands that provide third-party lab testing results. This ensures product purity and accurate CBD concentration.

A once-daily oral dose of 4 mg CBD/kg BW is well-tolerated in clinically healthy dogs for a duration of 6-months, with no adverse effects on health and wellbeing,” according to the 2022 stusy by Bradley, S., et al., titled “Long-term daily feeding of cannabidiol is well-tolerated by healthy dogs.”

Giving CBD to a Dog: Methods and Their Merits

There’s no one-size-fits-all when it comes to giving a dog CBD. Just like their personalities, each dog prefers a different approach. Let’s explore the most common methods and their unique advantages.

CBD Oil: The Versatile Option

CBD oil reigns supreme in its flexibility. It’s a simple blend of hemp extract and a carrier oil, making it easy to administer directly into a dog’s mouth or mix it into their food. This method offers precise dosage control, allowing paw-rents to tailor the amount to their dog’s specific needs. Plus, it’s absorbed quickly, potentially providing faster relief.

CBD oil (2 mg/kg twice daily) significantly decreases pain and increases activity in dogs with osteoarthritis, with no reported side effects,” according to the 2018 study by Gamble, L., et al., titled “Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs.”

CBD Dog Treats: A Tasty Treat with a Purpose

For those picky pups who turn their noses up at anything but the most delectable snacks, CBD-infused treats are the ebay option. These pre-measured goodies combine the joy of a treat with the potential benefits of CBD. They are incredibly convenient, especially for on-the-go situations. Keep in mind that the effects take a bit longer to kick in compared to CBD oil, as the treat needs to be digested first.

Feeding adult dogs CBD-containing treats does not impact their daily activity, but may have an antipruritic effect,” according to the 2021 study by Morris, E., et al., titled “Feeding Cannabidiol (CBD)-Containing Treats Did Not Affect Canine Daily Voluntary Activity.”

CBD Capsules: Hassle-Free Dosing

For owners looking for a no-mess, no-fuss option, CBD capsules are the way to go. Each capsule contains a pre-measured dose, ensuring accuracy and eliminating any guesswork. However, some dogs are hesitant to swallow pills, so consider a dog’s personality before opting for this method.

Topical CBD Products: Targeted Relief

For localized issues like achy joints or itchy skin, CBD balms offer a targeted approach. These balms and creams are applied directly to the affected area, providing potential relief right where it’s needed.

Topical 1 % CBD-cream shows potential neuroprotective effects and can recover paralysis of hind limbs in an experimental model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis,” according to the 2015 study by Giacoppo, S., et al., titled “A new formulation of cannabidiol in cream shows therapeutic effects in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.”

Remember, the best method for a dog depends on their individual needs and preferences. Consider their size, temperament, and the specific reason for using CBD. As always, consult the pet’s veterinarian for personalized recommendations.

Potential Benefits of CBD for Dogs

Illustration of a bulldog walking on a vibrant orange and teal background with the title 'Benefits of CBD for Dogs.' The benefits listed include: Soothing aches and pains, Calming anxious minds, Promoting restful sleep, Managing seizures, and Taming inflammation.

CBD isn’t just a buzzword; it’s a potential game-changer for a dog’s well-being. Research suggests that this natural compound offers a helping paw in several areas:

Soothing Aches and Pains

Whether a furry friend is dealing with the stiffness of arthritis, the discomfort of an injury, or the lingering aches of a chronic condition, CBD offers a natural way to manage their pain. By interacting with the body’s pain receptors and potentially reducing inflammation, CBD helps improve a dog’s mobility and overall quality of life.

Calming Anxious Minds

Anxiety and stress cast a shadow over even the sunniest of canine dispositions. If a dog struggles with separation anxiety, noise phobias, or general nervousness, CBD’s calming effects offer a gentle solution. It helps a pup feel more relaxed and at ease, fostering a sense of peace and contentment.

Promoting Restful Sleep

Dogs need quality sleep to thrive. If a furry companion is tossing and turning at night due to anxiety, pain, or other disruptions, CBD helps them find the restful slumber they deserve. Its potential to promote relaxation and ease discomfort paves the way for a more peaceful night’s sleep for both owners and their dogs.

Managing Seizures

For dogs with epilepsy, CBD offers a glimmer of hope. Studies suggest that it helps reduce the frequency and severity of seizures, offering a potential adjunctive therapy to traditional medications.

Taming Inflammation

Inflammation is at the root of many health issues in dogs, from allergies and skin irritations to arthritis and even certain cancers. CBD’s potential anti-inflammatory properties offer a natural way to soothe discomfort and support a dog’s overall health.

Understanding the Risks: Too Much of a Good Thing?

While CBD is generally considered safe for dogs, it’s important to remember that even natural remedies have downsides when used excessively. Just like with any medication or supplement, there’s a fine line between a helpful dose and one that causes problems. Take a closer look at some potential risks associated with CBD overdose in dogs.

Respiratory Concerns

In very high doses, CBD impacts a dog’s breathing. While this is rare, it’s essential to be aware of the possibility. If a dog is struggling to breathe or their respiratory rate seems unusually slow, seek veterinary attention immediately.

Blood Pressure Changes

Another potential risk of CBD overdose is a drop in blood pressure. This leads to symptoms like weakness, dizziness, or even fainting. If a dog seems unusually lethargic or unsteady on their feet after taking CBD, it’s best to consult the pet’s veterinarian.

Tummy Troubles

Dogs experience upset stomachs when they ingest too much of something or if there’s an abrupt change in their diet. CBD overdose sometimes leads to nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. If a dog experiences any digestive issues after taking CBD, it’s wise to reduce the dosage or discontinue use altogether and consult the pet’s attending veterinarian.

Liver Concerns

While CBD is generally processed well by the liver, long-term or high-dose use potentially affects liver function, especially if the dog is also taking other medications. It’s a good idea to have the pet’s vet monitor the dog’s liver enzymes periodically if they’re taking CBD regularly, especially at higher doses.

Medication Interactions

CBD interacts with certain medications a dog is taking. It’s crucial to discuss CBD use with the pet’s veterinarian to ensure there are no potential conflicts with any current medications.

The THC Factor

Make absolutely sure any CBD product given to a dog is specifically formulated for pets and contains negligible levels of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the psychoactive compound in cannabis. THC is toxic to dogs, causing serious health problems.

Remember, the key to safe and effective CBD use is responsible administration. By understanding the potential risks and working closely with the pet’s veterinarian, paw-rents ensure their dog experiences the benefits of CBD without any unwanted side effects.

How to Verify THC Levels in CBD Products for Dogs

Ensuring the CBD product you use for your dog is free of harmful THC levels is crucial for their safety. Here’s a simple checklist to help you verify THC levels in pet CBD products:

Check the Label for THC Content

  • Look for products labeled as “0.3% THC or less” or “Full-Spectrum CBD.”
  • Ensure the product adheres to the legal limit of THC (less than 0.3% for hemp-derived CBD).

Review Third-Party Lab Test Results (COAs)

  • Look for a Certificate of Analysis (COA) on the brand’s website or product packaging.
  • Confirm the THC concentration is within the acceptable range or undetectable.

Choose Pet-Specific Products

  • Always select CBD products formulated specifically for pets. These products are designed with their safety in mind and are less likely to contain harmful THC levels.

Research the Brand’s Reputation

  • Opt for reputable brands known for transparency and quality.
  • Look for customer reviews and check if the company provides detailed information about their sourcing and manufacturing process.

Confirm Hemp Sourcing:

  • Choose products made from organically grown hemp from the U.S.A
  • Hemp grown under strict agricultural guidelines is less likely to be contaminated.

Consult Your Veterinarian:

  • Share the product’s COA and ingredient list with your vet.
  • They can help verify if the product is safe and suitable for your dog.

Avoid Products Without Testing Information:

  • Steer clear of brands that don’t provide third-party testing or detailed product information.

Check for Industry Certifications:

  • Look for seals of approval from industry organizations, such as the U.S. Hemp Authority.

Responsible CBD Use: Putting a Pet’s Well-being First

Responsible pet ownership is crucial when using CBD products. Here are some key tips:

Educate Yourself: Gather information from reliable sources, like a veterinarian and reputable CBD brands.

Monitor Your Pet: Observe a dog’s response to CBD, noting any changes in behavior or health.

Involve the Pet’s Veterinarian: Always consult a veterinarian before starting or adjusting CBD dosage.

Store CBD Products Safely: Keep CBD products out of a dog’s reach to prevent accidental ingestion.

Report Adverse Events: If any adverse reactions are noticed, inform the pet’s attending veterinarian promptly.

FAQs

 

1. What Happens If a Dog Takes Too Much CBD?

If a dog consumes an excessive amount of CBD, they may experience symptoms such as lethargy, loss of coordination, excessive drooling, vomiting, or diarrhea. In rare cases, high doses may cause more severe issues like low blood pressure or difficulty breathing. Always monitor your dog closely and consult a veterinarian if you notice unusual behaviors or symptoms.

2. What is the Maximum Amount of CBD You Can Give a Dog?

The maximum safe dosage varies depending on the dog’s weight, size, and overall health. As a general guideline, studies suggest that 2-5 mg of CBD per kilogram of body weight is well-tolerated. However, consult your veterinarian before administering high doses to ensure safety and efficacy.

3. Is CBD Every Day Bad for Dogs?

CBD is generally safe for daily use when given in appropriate doses. Long-term use may require monitoring by a veterinarian, particularly for potential effects on liver function. As with any supplement, consistency and moderation are key to ensuring your dog benefits without risks.

4. How Long Does CBD Last in a Dog?

The effects of CBD typically last 4-8 hours, depending on the dog’s metabolism, the dose, and the method of administration. For example, CBD oils are absorbed faster than treats or capsules. It’s best to observe how your dog responds and adjust the timing accordingly.

5. How Long Does CBD Take to Kick In?

CBD generally takes 30 minutes to 2 hours to start showing effects in dogs. Oils tend to work faster, as they are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, whereas treats or capsules take longer due to the digestion process.

Conclusion: CBD and Canine Companions

CBD is a valuable addition to a dog’s wellness routine, providing support for various health issues. However, responsible use is key. By understanding how CBD works, starting with a low dose, monitoring a dog’s response, and consulting a veterinarian, paw-rents ensure their furry friend reaps the benefits of CBD safely and effectively.

Remember, a balanced approach, rooted in knowledge and mindful observation, is the best way to navigate the world of CBD for dogs.

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