Is CBD Possibly the Secret to Helping A Hyperthyroid Cat Feel Better?

This article talks about something that sneaks up on furry friends as they age: hyperthyroidism. This health condition is all about the thyroid glands going into overdrive, pumping out way too much of the essential thyroid hormones. This imbalance wreaks havoc on a cat’s body, leading to a range of symptoms from weight loss and increased appetite to high blood pressure and, in severe cases, kidney failure. So, for cat parents out there, managing hyperthyroidism is a must, and as many owners are discovering, CBD potentially has a supportive role to play.

But what exactly is CBD, and does it help? Grab a tea and explore!

Understanding Hyperthyroidism in Cats

Hyperthyroidism in cats is the most common feline endocrine disorder mainly seen in middle-aged to older cats, with an average age of 12-13 years and over 10% of senior cats developing it (Mooney, C., 1990; Peterson, M., 2012). The thyroid gland (or glands) produces too much hormone, putting a cat’s metabolism into overdrive. Symptoms are very bad, like losing a lot of weight quickly, having a huge hunger, and being so thirsty that cat parents have to keep refilling the water bowl. Some cats even show changes in behavior like increased anxiety, irritability, or excessive meowing.

Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism in Cats:

• Weight loss despite increased appetite
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Increased thirst and urination
• High blood pressure
• Behavioral changes like restlessness or anxiety

If these symptoms sound familiar, a trip to the vet is essential. A blood test confirms hyperthyroidism, and from there, cat parents start exploring treatment options. Common treatments range from medication to radioactive iodine therapy (a one-time purchase but with some hefty radiation levels to manage), surgery, and dietary changes.

Traditional Treatments for Hyperthyroidism

Traditional treatments for hyperthyroidism are effective but come with their own set of challenges. A study on the best practice for the pharmacological management of hyperthyroid cats with antithyroid drugs showed that side effects of traditional treatments for feline hyperthyroidism include monitoring for azotemia, hypertension, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism, especially during the first months of treatment (Daminet, S., et al., 2014).

Oral Medication: This twice-daily medication helps control thyroid hormone levels, but some cats experience side effects like gastrointestinal issues. A study in the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery concluded that “Oral anti-thyroid medication was offered to 92% of owners of hyperthyroid cats and was associated with 72-75% success rates in managing their cat’s hyperthyroidism,” (Caney, S., 2013).

Radioactive Iodine Therapy: This procedure targets the thyroid gland, essentially zapping the problem at the source. According to a study from the Journal of Small Animal Practice, “Radioactive iodine therapy effectively treats feline hyperthyroidism in 47 (94.0%) cases, with no difference in outcomes between intravenously and subcutaneously administered doses,” (Mooney, C., 1994). While it’s often curative, it is quite pricey and requires a temporary stay at a clinic to manage radiation levels.

Surgery: For those looking for a more permanent fix, removing the overactive thyroid glands is an option. Surgical thyroidectomy is an effective and permanent treatment for feline hyperthyroidism, though it requires careful pre-operative evaluation and post-operative monitoring due to potential complications (Padgett, S., 2002; Peterson, M., 2020).

Dietary Changes: Some vets recommend a prescription diet low in iodine, but let’s face it, not every cat wants to give up their favorite food! Studies suggest that dietary changes, specifically iodine-restricted food, effectively reduce serum thyroxine levels in hyperthyroid cats, although they not address all clinical abnormalities associated with the condition (Grossi, et al., 2019; Candellone, A., et al., 2021).

Does CBD Help Manage Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism?

CBD isn’t a direct treatment for hyperthyroidism, but it gives a supportive option for managing some of those pesky symptoms. Derived from hemp, CBD, also known as cannabidiol, is not psychoactive. Unlike THC, CBD doesn’t get a pet high. Instead, it interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a complex system of receptors in both humans and animals that helps maintain balance in the body, affecting areas like mood, appetite, and even pain perception.

CBD Potentially Helps with Hyperthyroidism Symptoms in Cats

Hyperthyroidism leaves cats feeling edgy, nauseous, and just plain uncomfortable. The thyroid gland, responsible for producing essential hormones, is thrown off balance, leading to elevated hormone levels that affect everything from appetite to behavior. While traditional treatments exist, CBD has gained attention as a natural remedy that helps manage some of these symptoms. How? Keep reading to learn more. 

Anxiety and Restlessness

Hyperthyroidism in cats occurs when the thyroid gland produces excess hormones, which disrupts both metabolism and the nervous system (Cauzinille, L., 2005). This condition often manifests as increased anxiety, with affected cats displaying behaviors such as pacing and excessive vocalization, and they struggle to relax. For aging cats dealing with hyperthyroidism, anxiety further complicates an already challenging condition.

Ways to Administer CBD for Anxiety in Cats

CBD Oils: Directly administer a few drops of CBD oil into the cat’s mouth (on the gums) or add it to their food to maintain steady levels throughout the day.

CBD Treats: Paws and Claws cat biscuits are also a tasty way to introduce CBD, though precise dosing is tricky with treats.

Appetite and Nausea

Cats with hyperthyroidism often exhibit an increased appetite but simultaneously experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, complicating their food intake and leading to weight loss (Tavener, S., Hollar, R., & Panickar, K., 2023). Even if they seem to eat well, these cats do not adequately absorb the necessary nutrients, negatively impacting their health.

Tips for Giving CBD to Support Appetite

Start Slow: Begin with a low dose to ensure a cat doesn’t experience digestive upset. Monitor for changes in appetite or nausea.

Observe and Adjust: A cat’s response to CBD varies. If beneficial benefits are observed, gradually increase the dosage; however, consult the cat’s veterinarian to ensure that CBD is suitable for a cat’s requirements and does not interact with current medications.

Pain and Inflammation: Helping Aging Cats Feel Comfortable

Hyperthyroidism leads to multiple health challenges, particularly in older cats. “Hyperthyroidism in cats leads to various clinical manifestations that resemble neuromuscular and central nervous system dysfunction observed in humans. One prevalent symptom in affected cats is muscle weakness. Common clinical signs include ventroflexion of the neck, a reduced ability to jump, and increased fatigue following physical activity,” (Cauzinille, L., 2005), making it difficult for them to remain active or enjoy their daily routines. 

Ways to Use CBD for Pain and Mobility Support

Topical CBD Creams: Although it’s less frequent for cats, some pet owners have had success using CBD-infused creams directly to their cat’s sore spots.

Oral CBD Oils: Paws and Claws cat CBD Oil drops are versatile and allow for easier control over dosage. They are given directly or added to food.

Why CBD Is a Good Option for Aging Cats

Hyperthyroidism often affects cats with other health issues, like kidney disease or high blood pressure. CBD, known for its holistic health benefits, helps balance some of these overlapping symptoms, supporting a cat’s daily routine without the harsher side effects of other medications.

What Does CBD Bring to the Table for Hyperthyroid Cats?

Calming Effects: Cats with elevated thyroid hormone levels get anxious. CBD helps calm their nerves primarily through modulation of the endocannabinoid system, serotonin receptors, and brain activity in regions associated with anxiety (Mandolini, G., et al., 2018), making it easier for them to settle.

Appetite Support: Hyperthyroidism messes with a cat’s weight. CBD potentially helps with weight stabilization by reducing nausea possibly by indirectly activating somatodendritic 5HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus (Parker, L., Rock, E., & Limebeer, C., 2011), so they enjoy their food without tummy troubles.

Joint Comfort: Aging cats often have joint pain and the inflammation from hyperthyroidism doesn’t help. CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulating receptor-mediated pathways, and acting as an antioxidant ease that discomfort, giving them a bit more pep in their step (Henshaw, F., et al., 2021).

However, before jumping in, chat with the cat’s attending veterinarian. Since CBD interacts with medications (especially those aimed at controlling thyroid function), it’s essential to get a professional opinion to ensure pet parents are not causing unintentional havoc with a cat’s health routine.

What to Look for in a CBD Product for Cats

Choosing the right CBD product feels like picking out the perfect litter box, it needs to be just right! Here’s what to consider:

Source: Make sure it’s organic hemp to avoid pesticides or harmful chemicals that interfere with a cat’s health.

Cannabinoid Spectrum: Full or broad-spectrum CBD is often more effective than CBD isolate, thanks to the “entourage effect”, a fancy way of saying all the plant compounds work better together.

Independent Testing: A Certificate of Analysis (COA) from a third-party lab ensures the product is free from toxins like heavy metals and pesticides. This is an essential part of choosing a quality product.

Dosage Guidance: Reputable brands offer guidelines on dosing and even provide veterinary resources, making it easier to get the right amount for a cat’s size and needs.

Forms of CBD for Cats

Oils: Easy to add to food or give directly. Oils allow for precise dosing adjustments.

Treats: A tasty option, but have less control over dosage.

Topicals: Creams are applied to specific areas for localized relief, although they’re less common for cats. 

Dosing and Administration

The general recommendation is to start with a low dose of CBD (around 1-2 mg per pound of body weight) and monitor the cat’s response. It’s wise to track changes in a cat’s behavior, appetite, and activity levels in a journal to help find that sweet spot for dosage.

Remember, consistency is key here. Aim for the same time each day, ideally twice daily, to maintain steady CBD levels in a cat’s system. With gradual adjustments, find the best dosage that fits a cat’s health needs.

Potential Side Effects and Precautions

As with any supplement, there’s always a chance of side effects. 

Sedation: Some cats get a little too relaxed. This is helpful for anxiety, but if a cat seems too sleepy, dial back the dose.

Gastrointestinal Issues: CBD sometimes cause tummy troubles like diarrhea, especially when introduced at higher doses. Start low to avoid any issues.

Dry Mouth: CBD reduces saliva production, making a cat thirstier than usual, just keep the water bowl topped up!

Appetite Changes: While CBD helps increase appetite, in some cases, it suppresses it. Keep an eye on the cat’s eating habits and adjust the dose if needed.

Also, be aware of potential interactions with other medications. Since CBD is processed in the liver, it impacts how other drugs are metabolized. Check with the cat’s veterinarian, especially if a cat is on hyperthyroid medications like methimazole, to avoid any unexpected side effects.

CBD and Long-Term Health: A Supportive Option

So, does CBD cure hyperthyroidism? No, but it helps manage some of the symptoms, making a cat’s life a little more comfortable. It’s one of those natural options that complement traditional treatments and give aging cats a better quality of life without heavy side effects.

The key here is to treat CBD as part of an overall health plan. Regular check-ups, blood tests, and monitoring are essential. And of course, any major changes in a cat’s health is always addressed with a veterinarian. Hyperthyroidism isn’t something to take lightly, but with the right combination of treatments and supportive care, most cats manage the condition well and enjoy their golden years.

Final Thoughts

Cats diagnosed with hyperthyroidism benefit from holistic management options, and one such option worth considering is CBD oil. It is important to recognize that each cat is unique, so the effectiveness of CBD varies from one individual to another. Cat owners need to conduct comprehensive research and consult their cat’s veterinarian before beginning treatment, and it’s advisable to start with a low dosage.

For those interested in trying CBD for their cats, it is essential to begin with a small dose, observe the pet’s response, and prioritize high-quality products that are specially formulated for pets. While CBD is not a cure-all, it serves as a valuable supplement in supporting a cat’s overall health and wellness.

Ready to give it a try?

References

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• Caney, S. (2013). An online survey to determine owner experiences and opinions on the management of their hyperthyroid cats using oral anti-thyroid medications. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 15, 494 – 502. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X13485481.
• Cauzinille, L. (2005). Neurological Consequences of Thyroid Disorders. World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings, 2005. Retrieved November 6, 2024, from https://www.vin.com/doc/?id=3854284
• Daminet, S., Kooistra, H., Fracassi, F., Graham, P., Hibbert, A., Lloret, A., Mooney, C., Neiger, R., Rosenberg, D., Syme, H., Villard, I., & Williams, G. (2014). Best practice for the pharmacological management of hyperthyroid cats with antithyroid drugs. The Journal of small animal practice, 55 1, 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.12157.
• Grossi, G., Zoia, A., Palagiano, P., Leoni, N., Bubini-Regini, F., Malerba, E., Peli, A., Biagi, G., & Fracassi, F. (2019). Iodine-restricted food versus pharmacological therapy in the management of feline hyperthyroidism: A controlled trial in 34 cats. Open Veterinary Journal, 9, 196 – 204. https://doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v9i3.3.
• Henshaw, F., Dewsbury, L., Lim, C., & Steiner, G. (2021). The Effects of Cannabinoids on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines: A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies.. Cannabis and cannabinoid research. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2020.0105.
• Hyperthyroidism in cats. (n.d.). Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/hyperthyroidism-cats
• Mandolini, G., Lazzaretti, M., Pigoni, A., Oldani, L., Delvecchio, G., & Brambilla, P. (2018). Pharmacological properties of cannabidiol in the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a critical overview. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 27, 327 – 335. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796018000239.
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