Are Essential Oils Safe for Cats?

Those lovely essential oils for humans also benefit feline friends with their calming properties or potential to soothe achy joints. Essential oils indeed offer a world of potential benefits for furry companions. But there’s a catch! Not all essential oils are safe for cats. In fact, some are downright dangerous.

This guide helps understand which essential oils are safe for cats, how to use them responsibly, and which ones to avoid entirely. Think of it as a roadmap to a purr-fectly aromatic and safe experience for cats.

What Are Essential Oils?

Essential oils are highly concentrated hydrophobic liquids derived from plants. They capture the essence of the plant’s fragrance and therapeutic properties with their bioactive chemicals and volatile substances and have been historically used as antibacterial medicines for various human, animal, and plant diseases, (Elshafie, H., & Camele, I., 2023).                                                   

Think of them as tiny bottles of potent plant power! These oils are extracted through various methods, such as steam distillation or cold pressing. They’re commonly used in aromatherapy to promote relaxation, reduce stress, and even help with certain health conditions.

But here’s where things get tricky with cats. Cats metabolize things differently than humans. “Essential oils can be toxic to cats due to their liver enzyme deficiency, which leads to the accumulation of active ingredients and their toxicity,” (Štrbac, F., et al., 2021). So, while essential oils are perfectly safe for humans, some are harmful to cats.

Essential Oils That Are Safe for Cats

Dive into the good stuff! Learn which essential oils contribute to a cat’s well-being. Some of the top contenders that are generally considered safe for cats when used correctly are listed below.

Cedarwood

This oil has a warm, woody scent that many people find inviting. But did you know that cedarwood is often used in natural flea-control products? Many pet owners believe that incorporating cedarwood into their cat’s environment helps keep fleas away. This could be through diffusion, or by applying a diluted cedarwood solution topically. If you’re looking for a more natural approach to flea control, cedarwood might be worth exploring. Always consult your veterinarian to discuss the best flea-prevention strategies for your cat.

Frankincense

Frankincense is often used in aromatherapy for its potential anti-inflammatory properties. Some people believe it may help soothe achy joints and reduce pain in cats. As cats age, they often experience joint stiffness or discomfort, especially those with arthritis. Frankincense may offer a natural way to support their mobility and comfort. 

Copaiba

This oil is gaining popularity for its potential to support overall wellness in cats. It’s believed to have calming and anti-inflammatory effects. If a cat is prone to anxiety or stress, copaiba offers a gentle way to promote relaxation. It’s also thought to support the body’s natural healing processes, making it a potential aid for various health concerns.

Helichrysum

This oil is known for its potential antimicrobial properties and helps with skin infections or wounds. “Essential oils of Helichrysum species show moderate antioxidant properties, making them valuable agents against bacteria and fungi,” (Adewinogo, S., et al., 2022). Some cats are prone to skin irritations or minor injuries. Helichrysum is a valuable tool in a cat’s first-aid kit with its potential to fight bacteria and promote healing. Always consult the cat’s vet for proper wound care, but consider helichrysum as a complementary aid to support the healing process.

Chamomile (Roman and German)

Both types of chamomile are known for their calming and relaxing effects. They help soothe an anxious cat or promote better sleep. If a cat struggles with anxiety, fear, or restlessness, chamomile offers a gentle and natural way to promote relaxation. Imagine a cat curled up, purring contentedly, thanks to the soothing aroma of chamomile.

Lavender

Lavender is arguably the most recognized essential oil when it comes to relaxation and calmness. Its gentle floral aroma has been used for centuries to soothe the senses and promote tranquility. And it seems our feline friends might benefit from its calming properties as well. Lavender may help reduce stress levels in cats during these often-anxiety-inducing experiences. 

How to Use Essential Oils Safely

Before applying essential oils to a cat, remember the golden rule: dilution is crucial. Never apply essential oils directly to a cat’s skin. It’s simply too strong and irritates or even burns.

For topical use

Dilute 1 drop of essential oil in 50 drops of carrier oil, such as almond oil or fractionated coconut oil. Always do a patch test first to check for any sensitivity. Apply a small amount to a small area of skin and wait 24 hours to see if there’s any redness or irritation.

For diffusion

This is generally the safest way to use essential oils with cats. Use a diffuser in a well-ventilated area and allow the cat to leave the room if they show any signs of discomfort. Start with just 1-2 drops of essential oil and observe the cat’s reaction.

Essential Oils That Are Toxic to Cats

Now for the not-so-fun part. While many essential oils offer potential benefits, some are highly toxic to cats and should be avoided entirely. It’s crucial to be aware of these oils to keep a feline friend safe. Some of the main culprits are listed below.

Tea Tree Oil

This is perhaps the most dangerous essential oil for cats. A study on pets showed that “100% tea tree oil toxicosis in dogs and cats can cause serious signs of CNS depression, paresis, ataxia, or tremors within hours, with younger and smaller cats at greater risk of developing major illness,” (Khan, S., McLean, M., & Slater, M., 2014). Cats are particularly sensitive to the compounds in tea tree oil, and their bodies can’t metabolize it effectively. This leads to a buildup of toxins and potentially life-threatening consequences. So, when it comes to tea tree oil, it’s best to steer clear entirely. 

Citrus Oils (all)

Oils like lemon, orange, and grapefruit smell fresh and zesty to humans, but they cause gastrointestinal upset and even neurological issues in cats. These oils contain compounds called psoralens, which are toxic to cats when ingested or applied topically. A study on laboratory animals showed that “Psoralen can cause liver injury and disturbance in amino acid metabolism in rats,” (Zhang, Y., et al., 2018). So, while a citrus-scented diffuser might seem harmless, it’s best to avoid using it around a cat.

Mint Oils (peppermint, spearmint)

These oils can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and breathing difficulties in cats. The menthol in mint oils irritates a cat’s respiratory system and digestive tract. Even diffusing these oils is problematic, as the tiny droplets land on a cat’s fur and are ingested during grooming. So, it’s best to avoid using mint oils altogether around a feline companion.

Other Toxic Oils

In addition to the oils mentioned above, here’s a list of other essential oils to avoid using around cats:

• Bay
• Birch
• Cinnamon
• Citronella
• Clove
• Eucalyptus
• Fir
• Geranium
• Juniper
• Pennyroyal
• Pine
• Wintergreen
• Ylang Ylang

Even small amounts of these oils are harmful to cats. If a cat is suspected to have been exposed to a toxic essential oil, contact the cat’s veterinarian immediately. It’s always better to be safe than sorry when it comes to a cat’s health.

Using Essential Oils Safely

When it comes to feline friends, it’s always better to err on the side of caution when using essential oils. Cats are sensitive creatures, and their bodies react differently to essential oils than humans. Some key safety tips to ensure a cat has a positive and safe experience are listed below.

Diffusion is Best

Diffusing essential oils in a well-ventilated area is generally the safest method for cats. This allows the aroma to disperse gently throughout the room without being too overpowering. Remember, cats have a much stronger sense of smell than humans! A subtle fragrance is all that’s needed to create a calming or uplifting atmosphere.

Less is More

Start with a low concentration of essential oil and observe the cat’s reaction. Just a drop or two in a diffuser is a good starting point. Add more if needed, but it’s best to start slowly and see how a cat responds. Watch for signs of relaxation, contentment, or any signs of discomfort.

Give Them an Escape Route

Always allow a cat to leave the room if they feel uncomfortable with the aroma. Even if the chosen essential oil is safe and diluted properly, some cats simply do not like the smell. Cats are individuals, and they have their own preferences! Make sure they have access to other rooms to escape the aroma if they choose.

Keep Diffusers Out of Reach

Cats are curious creatures, and they love to explore their surroundings. Make sure the diffuser is placed where they do not knock it over or ingest the oil. A high shelf or a secure countertop is a good option. Also, be sure to keep the cords tucked away safely to prevent any accidents.

Topical Use with Caution

If a cat parent chooses to apply diluted essential oils topically, do so sparingly and in areas that a cat does not easily lick. The back of the neck is a good spot, as cats generally do not reach that area to groom. Always dilute the essential oil properly in a carrier oil before applying. And remember, a little goes a long way!

Potential Benefits of Essential Oils for Cats

While research on essential oils for cats is still ongoing, there’s growing evidence of their potential benefits. It’s exciting to consider the ways these natural remedies support our feline friends’ health and well-being. Here are some areas where essential oils might offer support:

Flea and Tick Control

Imagine a world where fleas and ticks are kept at bay without relying solely on harsh chemicals. Well, essential oils like cedarwood and rosemary show promise as natural repellents. They contain compounds that these pesky parasites find unpleasant, making them less likely to latch onto a cat. While more research is needed to fully understand their efficacy, essential oils are a valuable addition to a flea and tick prevention strategy.

Anti-inflammatory Properties

Just like humans, cats experience inflammation and pain, especially as they age or if they have conditions like arthritis. Essential oils like frankincense help reduce inflammation and provide relief. They work by interacting with the body’s inflammatory pathways, helping to soothe discomfort and promote healing. While essential oils are not a replacement for conventional veterinary care, they offer complementary support for managing pain and inflammation.

Antimicrobial Effects

Some essential oils possess antimicrobial properties, meaning they help fight bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This makes them potentially useful for supporting wound healing or addressing skin infections. Imagine a natural way to promote healing and keep those pesky microbes at bay! Of course, always consult the cat’s veterinarian for proper wound care and treatment, but consider essential oils as a potential complementary aid.

Calming and Stress Relief

Cats experience anxiety and stress just like humans. Whether it’s a trip to the vet, a new environment, or changes in their routine, these stressors take a toll on their well-being. Essential oils like lavender and chamomile are known for their calming effects and help reduce anxiety in cats. They promote relaxation, ease tension, and create a peaceful atmosphere for a feline friend.

Remember, these are potential benefits and more research is needed to fully understand the effects of essential oils on cats. Always consult the cat’s veterinarian before using essential oils to treat any medical condition in a cat. They help pet parents assess their cat’s individual needs and ensure safe and effective usage.

Talk to Vet

Veterinarians are the pet parent’s best resource for any questions or concerns about using essential oils with their cats. They assess the cat’s individual needs and advise on safe and effective usage.

It’s especially important to consult the cat’s vet before using essential oils if a cat is:

• Pregnant or nursing
• A kitten
• A senior cat
• Has any underlying health conditions

Conclusion

Essential oils offer a world of potential benefits for feline friends, but it’s crucial to use them responsibly. Pet parents choose safe oils, dilute them properly, consult a veterinarian, and create a purr-fectly aromatic experience for their cats.

Remember, every cat is unique. Pay attention to their reactions and adjust usage as needed. With a little care and knowledge, cat parents safely incorporate essential oils into their cat’s wellness routine and help them live their best lives!

References

• Elshafie, H., & Camele, I. (2023). Plant Essential Oil with Biological Activity (II). Plants, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203616.
• Frazão, D., Cruz, J., Oliveira, M., Baia-da-Silva, D., Nazário, R., Rodrigues, M., Saito, M., Souza-Rodrigues, R., & Lima, R. (2023). Evaluation of the biological activities of Copaiba (Copaifera spp): a comprehensive review based on scientometric analysis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1215437.
• Khan, S., McLean, M., & Slater, M. (2014). Concentrated tea tree oil toxicosis in dogs and cats: 443 cases (2002-2012). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 244 1, 95-9. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.244.1.95.
• Li, X., Yang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, W., & Tang, H. (2016). α-Pinene, linalool, and 1-octanol contribute to the topical anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of frankincense by inhibiting COX-2. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 179, 22-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.039.
• Štrbac, F., Petrović, K., Stojanovic, D., & Ratajac, R. (2021). POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS IN DOGS AND CATS. ВЕТЕРИНАРСКИ ЖУРНАЛ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ. https://doi.org/10.7251/vetjen2101238s.
• Zhang, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, Z., Bi, Y., Yuan, X., Song, L., Jiang, M., Sun, L., & Zhou, K. (2018). A Study of NMR-Based Hepatic and Serum Metabolomics in a Liver Injury Sprague-Dawley Rat Model Induced by Psoralen.. Chemical research in toxicology, 31 9, 852-860 . https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00082.