CBD for Cats with Vestibular Disease: The Complete Guide for Feline Friends and Their Humans

When a cat begins to tilt its head or shows signs of lightheadedness or confusion, it becomes a cause for concern. Sometimes, these symptoms indicate feline vestibular disease, a complex condition that affects a cat’s balance system, particularly involving the inner ear and the brain. 

Fortunately, various treatments are available that help alleviate the symptoms associated with vestibular illness in cats. One promising option is the use of CBD oil, which has been suggested to support the treatment of this condition. This guide explores how CBD aids in managing feline vestibular disease, along with essential information on diagnosing, treating, and providing support for a cat during this challenging period.

Understanding Vestibular Disease in Cats

Understanding the vestibular system is the first step in understanding vestibular disease. Located in the inner ear and brain, the vestibular system helps maintain a cat’s sense of balance and spatial orientation. When a cat’s vestibular system is disrupted, it leads to a sudden onset of symptoms, like loss of balance, head tilting, and involuntary jerking eye movements (also known as nystagmus).

Vestibular disease comes in different forms. Idiopathic vestibular disease (the most common type) has no known cause and tends to resolve on its own within weeks. There’s also congenital vestibular disease, which is genetic and more likely to affect certain cat breeds like Siamese and Burmese (Penderis J., 2009).

What Causes Feline Vestibular Disease?

Although idiopathic vestibular disease is common in cats, a range of potential causes disrupt the vestibular system:

Ear Infections: Middle or inner ear infections wreak havoc on a cat’s vestibular function, leading to balance issues. Chronic ear infections from bacteria, yeast, or even ear mites compromise the vestibular system and cause repeated episodes.

Genetic Factors: Certain cat breeds, such as Siamese and Burmese, are more prone to developing congenital vestibular issues.

Head Trauma: Accidents or falls affect the inner ear and vestibular function, causing sudden onset symptoms.

Toxins: Household cleaners, certain essential oils, and some human medications act as vestibular irritants, so keeping toxic substances out of reach is of utmost importance.

Tumors: Tumors near the vestibular region or in the brain press on critical nerves, impacting balance. Diagnosing tumors usually requires imaging, like a CT scan or MRI.

While the causes vary, the rapid onset of symptoms such as sudden loss of balance, disorientation, and nausea, tend to be similar. With such varied underlying causes, pet owners need to seek veterinary advice promptly when these symptoms emerge.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Cat Vestibular Disease

If a usually graceful cat starts wobbling, circling, or has an awkward head tilt, a cat parent is likely witnessing vestibular disease symptoms. Some other symptoms that cat parents are more likely to observe are listed below.

• Head Tilt: Cats tilt their heads to one side, often as a compensatory mechanism for dizziness.
• Ataxia (Wobbly Gait): Cats appear uncoordinated or stumble while walking.
• Nystagmus: Abnormal, involuntary eye movements (jerking or oscillating) occur, either horizontally, vertically, or in a rotary pattern.
• Falling or Rolling: Cats fall over, lean, or roll to one side due to loss of balance.
• Disorientation: They seem confused or unaware of their surroundings.
• Circling: Cats walk in tight circles, often toward the side of the lesion.
• Motion Sickness: Signs such as vomiting or nausea occur due to dizziness.
• Ear Scratching or Pain: Indicative of an underlying ear issue, such as infection or polyps, which trigger the condition.

These symptoms result from several causes, including inner or middle ear infections, idiopathic vestibular syndrome (of unknown cause), trauma, toxins, or less commonly, brainstem or cerebellar diseases. While alarming, symptoms vary in duration and severity. In many cases, cats recover naturally with supportive care and time. However, feline discomfort from vestibular disease calls for veterinary care to determine the cause and best course of treatment.

Diagnosing Feline Vestibular Disease

Because there’s no single test for idiopathic vestibular disease, veterinarians assess a cat’s nervous system and vestibular function using a range of tools:

Physical and Neurological Exam: Reflexes, balance, and coordination are evaluated to pinpoint the problem.

Otoscopic Examination: This visual check of the ear canal identifies infections or foreign objects potentially triggering vestibular symptoms.

Blood Tests: These help rule out metabolic issues or infections affecting the vestibular system.

Advanced Imaging (CT or MRI): If symptoms persist, a CT scan or MRI reveal structural issues like tumors or trauma.

Once the underlying cause is identified, treatment options are discussed. In cases of idiopathic vestibular disease, where no cause is pinpointed, the healing cycle simply takes time, with most cats recovering in a few weeks.

Treatment Options for Vestibular Disease in Cats

After diagnosis, treatment plans are developed based on the cause. Listed below are a few common approaches:

For Infections: Antibiotics or antifungal medications target the specific pathogens causing inner ear infections.

For Nausea and Dizziness: Cats suffering from nausea receive antiemetics or other medications to reduce symptoms.

Hydration and Nutrition: For cats unable to eat or drink, fluid therapy ensures they stay hydrated, while assisted feeding is necessary.

Environmental Modifications: Reducing risks in the home by confining the cat to a small, obstacle-free area with low heights prevents falls and injuries.

For cats experiencing idiopathic vestibular disease, treatment primarily focuses on supportive care and providing a safe, stress-free environment.

The Role of CBD in Supporting Cats with Vestibular Disease

While research on CBD products for vestibular disease in cats is still emerging, there’s increasing interest in how CBD offers symptom relief. CBD works by interacting with the endocannabinoid system in cats, potentially supporting various processes. 

Inflammation Reduction: Studies suggest that CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties are mediated through the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of receptors like TRPA1 and P2X7, inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways, and antioxidant effects (Henshaw, F., et al., 2021; Lowin, T., et al., 2020; Liu, C., et al., 2020; Sunda, F., & Arowolo, A., 2020). CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties help reduce any swelling in the inner ear or brain that worsen vestibular symptoms.

Managing Nausea: CBD is also recognized for reducing nausea, which is especially beneficial for cats who struggle with motion sickness or induced vomiting from vestibular disease. Research show CBD’s anti-nausea/anti-emetic effects is mediated by indirect activation of somatodendritic 5HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus (Parker, L., Rock, E., & Limebeer, C., 2011).

Anxiety Reduction: A sudden onset of vestibular symptoms stress out even the most relaxed cats. A study showed that CBD’s anxiolytic actions are mediated through the CB1 receptor, which plays a relevant role in modulating these actions in a dose- and brain-region-dependent manner (Austrich-Olivares, A., 2022). CBD’s calming effects promote relaxation, helping cats feel more at ease.

How to Use CBD Oil for Cats with Vestibular Disease

If a cat parent is considering CBD oil to support a cat’s vestibular disease, consult the cat’s veterinarian first. They help cat parents choose a reputable product, determine a suitable dose, and ensure there are no interactions with other medications.

Here’s how to get started with CBD oil for cats:

Choose a High-Quality Product: Look for organic hemp-derived CBD with minimal THC (which is harmful to cats) and read the certificate of analysis to confirm purity.

Start with a Low Dose: Introduce CBD slowly, monitoring the cat’s response before adjusting the dose.

Administration Options: CBD is usually given directly to the gums or added to the cat’s food. For convenience, CBD treats are also available and helps with consistent dosing.

Safety Considerations for CBD in Cats

While CBD is generally safe, be aware of possible side effects.

Drowsiness: Some cats become drowsy, particularly with higher doses. Adjusting the dosage helps manage this.

Dry Mouth: CBD decreases saliva, so make sure fresh water is always available.

Blood Pressure: CBD lowers blood pressure, which is a concern for cats with pre-existing cardiovascular issues.

With any new treatment, monitoring a cat is essential. Work closely with the cat’s vet to adjust the dosage and keep an eye out for any changes in behavior.

Creating a Comfortable Environment for Recovery

Cats need a secure and low-stress environment to recover from vestibular episodes. Here are a few tips:

Safe Space: Set up a cozy, confined space where a cat rest without hazards. Low bedding and disposable wee wee pads make clean-up easy if nausea or dizziness continues.

Avoid High Surfaces: Cats recovering from vestibular disease must avoid jumping, so limit access to high spots.

Minimize Triggers: Strong smells from essential oil diffusers or loud sounds disrupt a cat’s recovery. Keep the environment calm and scent-neutral.

FAQs

How to Make a Home Safer for a Cat with Vestibular Disease?

Create a quiet, secure area for a cat to rest with low bedding and limited obstacles. Avoid high surfaces, and keep food, water, and litter boxes easily accessible to reduce any strain on their balance while recovering.

Does Vestibular Disease in Cats Come Back After Recovery?

Yes, while many cats experience only one episode, some have recurring episodes, especially if there’s a chronic issue like ear infections or genetic predisposition. Regular vet check-ups help manage and monitor any recurring symptoms.

What To Do If a Cat Starts Vomiting Due to Vestibular Disease?

If a cat experiences nausea and vomiting, consult the cat’s vet. Veterinarians prescribe anti-nausea medications to help a cat feel more comfortable and hydrated during recovery. Ensure that freshwater is available to prevent dehydration.

Are Certain Breeds More Prone to Vestibular Disease?

Yes, some breeds like Siamese and Burmese cats have a higher risk due to genetic predisposition. These breeds are more likely to experience idiopathic or congenital vestibular disease.

Does Ear Infections Lead to Permanent Vestibular Issues in Cats?

If an ear infection is chronic or left untreated, it causes long-term vestibular damage. Prompt treatment and regular ear check-ups are essential to prevent permanent balance or hearing issues from developing.

Final Thoughts: Support for Cat Owners Navigating Vestibular Disease

Managing vestibular disease in cats is complex, requiring awareness of symptoms, ongoing monitoring, and informed decisions about treatments. Recognizing the signs early, such as head tilting, loss of balance, and unusual eye movements, help cat owners seek timely veterinary care and make supportive adjustments to their cat’s environment. For some, CBD oil provide a complementary option to help ease certain symptoms, though it’s essential to discuss any new treatments with a veterinarian.

By staying informed and organized, pet owners better track their cat’s progress, manage necessary care routines, and support their cat’s well-being during recovery. Even small adjustments, like creating safe resting spaces and minimizing stressors, make a noticeable difference in a cat’s comfort and stability.

Through a blend of attentive care and accessible resources, cat owners help their feline companions find relief and feel as comfortable as possible on their path to recovery.

Get Started with Paws and Claws CBD and give your cat a sense of relief.

References

• Henshaw, F., Dewsbury, L., Lim, C., & Steiner, G. (2021). The Effects of Cannabinoids on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines: A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies.. Cannabis and cannabinoid research. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2020.0105.
• Liu, C., Ma, H., Slitt, A., & Seeram, N. (2020). Inhibitory Effect of Cannabidiol on the Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Is Associated with Its Modulation of the P2X7 Receptor in Human Monocytes.. Journal of natural products. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00138.s001.
• Lowin, T., Tingting, R., Zurmahr, J., Classen, T., Schneider, M., & Pongratz, G. (2020). Cannabidiol (CBD): a killer for inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Cell Death & Disease, 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-02892-1.
• Parker, L., Rock, E., & Limebeer, C. (2011). Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids. British Journal of Pharmacology, 163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01176.x.
• Penderis J., 2009. The Wobbly Cat: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Generalised Ataxia. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2009;11(5):349-359. doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2009.03.003
• Sunda, F., & Arowolo, A. (2020). A molecular basis for the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrosis properties of cannabidiol. The FASEB Journal, 34, 14083 – 14092. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202000975R